January 1
January 1 is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are
364 days remaining (365 in leap years).
Events
* 45 BC - Julian calendar goes into effect
* 404 - Last gladiator competition in Rome
* 1438 - Albert II of Habsburg becomes King of Hungary
* 1502 - Rio de Janeiro discovered
* 1622 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first
day of the year, instead of for example March 25 in England
* 1651 - Charles II crowned King of Scotland
* 1700 - Russia accepts Julian calendar
* 1707 - John V becomes King of Portugal
* 1788 - First edition of The Times, previously The Daily Universal
Register, was published.
* 1801 - Legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland completed to form
United Kingdom
* 1801 - Discovery of 1 Ceres, first known asteroid
* 1804 - End of French rule in Haiti.
* 1808 - Importation of slaves into the United States is banned
* 1863 - Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation during
the second year of the American Civil War.
* 1863 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in
Nebraska
* 1874 - New York City annexes The Bronx
* 1880 - Construction of the Panama Canal begins
* 1887 - Queen Victoria is proclaimed Empress of India at the first
Imperial Assemblage (Durbar) in Delhi.
* 1892 - Ellis Island opens to begin accepting immigrants to the United
States
* 1893 - Japan accepts the Gregorian calendar
* 1897 - Brooklyn, New York merges with New York City
* 1899 - End of Spanish rule in Cuba.
* 1899 - Queens and Staten Island merge with New York City
* 1901 - Nigeria becomes a British protectorate
* 1901 - Establishment of the Commonwealth of Australia (Federation).
* 1902 - The first Rose Bowl game is played in Pasadena, California
* 1908 - A ball signifying New Year's Day drops in New York City's Times
Square for the first time
* 1911 - Northern Territory is separated from South Australia
* 1912 - Establishment of Republic of China
* 1919 - Edsel Ford succeeds his father as head of the Ford Motor Company
* 1934 - Alcatraz becomes a federal prison
* 1937 - Anastasio Somoza becomes President of Nicaragua
* 1937 - The first Cotton Bowl game is played in Dallas, Texas
* 1942 - World War II: The word "United Nations" is first officially used
to describe the Allied pact.
* 1956 - End of Anglo-Egyptian Condominium in Sudan.
* 1959 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista overthrown by Fidel Castro.
* 1960 - Cameroon becomes independent
* 1962 - Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand
* 1964 - Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland dissolved
* 1970 - Unix epoch begins at 00:00:00 UTC.
* 1971 - Cigarette advertisements banned on United States television
* 1973 - Britain joins the EEC
* 1979 - United States and China begin diplomatic relations
* 1981 - Palau becomes self-governing
* 1981 - Greece enters the European Community
* 1983 - The ARPANET officially changes to use the Internet Protocol,
creating the Internet
* 1984 - Brunei becomes a fully independent state.
* 1984 - AT&T is broken up into 22 independent units
* 1984 - Spain and Portugal enter the European Community
* 1986 - Aruba becomes independent of Curacao
* 1992 - George H. W. Bush is first President of the United States to
address the Australian Parliament
* 1993 - Czechoslovakia divides. Establishment of Slovak Republic and
Czech Republic
* 1994 - North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect
* 1995 - World Trade Organization goes into effect
* 1995 - Austria, Finland and Sweden enter the European Union
* 1996 - Curacao gains limited self-government
* 1998 - Smoking is banned in all California bars and restaurants
* 1999 - Euro currency introduced.
* 2002 - Euro banknotes and coins become legal tender.
* 2003 - Pascal Couchepin becomes president of Switzerland
* 2003 - Lu's In‡cio Lula da Silva becomes president of Brazil
Births
* 1431 - Pope Alexander VI (+ 1503)
* 1449 - Lorenzo de Medici, statesman (+ 1492)
* 1484 - Huldreich Zwingli, protestant leader (+ 1531)
* 1618 - BartolomŽ Esteban Murillo, painter (+ 1682)
* 1735 - Paul Revere, silversmith, United States patriot (+ 1818)
* 1750 - Frederick Muhlenberg, first speaker of the United States House
of Representatives (+ 1801)
* 1752 - Betsy Ross, seamstress (+ 1836)
* 1839 - Ouida, writer (+ 1908)
* 1857 - Wojciech Kossak, painter
* 1860 - George Washington Carver, educator, inventor, botanist (+ 1943)
* 1863 - Pierre de Coubertin, historian and pedagogue, initiator of
modern Olympic Games (+ 1937)
* 1876 - Harriet Brooks, physicist (+ 1933)
* 1879 - E. M. Forster, novelist (+ 1970)
* 1887 - Wilhelm Canaris, admiral (+ 1945)
* 1890 - Anton Melik, Slovene geographer (+ 1966)
* 1894 - Satyendra Nath Bose, mathematician (+ 1974)
* 1895 - J. Edgar Hoover, FBI director (+ 1972)
* 1900 - Xavier Cugat, musician, bandleader (+ 1990)
* 1909 - Barry M. Goldwater, Arizona Senator (+ 1998)
* 1909 - John Glenn, astronaut, soldier, Senator from Ohio
* 1909 - Dana Andrews, actor (+ 1992)
* 1911 - Hank Greenberg, baseball player (+ 1986)
* 1912 - Kim Philby, spy (+ 1988)
* 1917 - Jule Gregory Charney, meteorologist (+ 1981)
* 1919 - J. D. Salinger, novelist
* 1922 - Rocky Graziano, boxer, born "Rocky Barbella" (+ 1990)
* 1925 - Stymie Beard, actor (+ 1981)
* 1927 - Doak Walker, American football star
* 1928 - Ernest Tidyman, writer (+ 1984)
* 1933 - Joe Orton, writer (+ 1967)
* 1940 - Frank Langella, actor
* 1940 - Helmut Jahn, architect
* 1942 - Country Joe McDonald, musician, (Country Joe and the Fish)
* 1943 - Don Novello, actor, comedian, writer ("Father Guido Sarducci")
* 1945 - Jacky Ickx, automobile racer
* 1958 - Grand Master Flash, singer
* 1970 - Paul Thomas Anderson, film director, writer, producer
* 1979 - Koichi Domoto, artist
Deaths
* 898 - Odo, Count of Paris
* 1817 - Martin Heinrich Klaproth, chemist (* 1743)
* 1894 - Heinrich Hertz, physicist (* 1857)
* 1953 - Hank Williams, country music singer
* 1972 - Maurice Chevalier, actor and singer
* 1986 - Alfredo Binda, Italian cyclist
* 1992 - Grace Hopper, computer pioneer
* 1994 - Cesar Romero, actor
* 1997 - Townes Van Zandt, musician
* 2001 - Ray Walston, actor
Holidays and observances
* Many countries around the world using Gregorian Calendar - New Year's
Day; often celebrated at 0:00 with fireworks.
* Vienna New Year's Concert
* United States - Copyright Expiration Day, celebrating the expiration of
the copyright of a year's worth of works of authorship into the public
domain. Not celebrated from 1978 to 2018 because of repeated copyright
term extensions.
* Catholicism - Octave of Christmas, Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God.
* Catholicism - National Migration Week begins (varying official support
by the office of U.S. President, not strictly religious)
* Haiti Independence Day
* Taiwan Founding of Republic of China.
* Sudan Independence Day
* Cuba Liberation Day
* Slovakia: Establishment of Slovak Republic.
* Last day of Kwanzaa
* Pasadena, California - The Tournament of Roses parade and,
traditionally, the Rose Bowl
* World Day for Prayer for Peace
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