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Intel
Intel is a US based multinational corporation that is best known for
designing and manufacturing microprocessors and specialized integrated
circuits. Intel also makes networking cards, components, and other devices.
It was founded in 1968 by Gordon E. Moore and Robert Noyce. Its employee
number 4 was Andrew Grove, who ran the company more or less from his arrival
in the 1960s through his retirement in the 1990s, building it into one of
the largest and most successful businesses in the world.
Moore and Noyce wanted to name their new company 'Moore Noyce' but that was
already trademarked by a hotel chain, so they had to settle for an acronym
of INTegrated ELectronics.
The company started as a memory manufacturer before making the switch to
processors. Andrew Grove described this transition in the book Only the
Paranoid Survive.
During the 1990s, Intel's Intel Architecture Labs (IAL) was responsible for
many of the hardware innovations of the Personal Computer, including the PCI
Bus, the Universal Serial Bus (USB), and the now-dominant architecture for
multi-processor servers. IAL's software efforts met with a more mixed fate,
its video and graphics software was important in the development of software
digital video, but later its efforts were largely overshadowed by
competition from Microsoft. The competition between Intel and Microsoft was
revealed in testimony at the Microsoft anti-trust trial.
Intel's dominance in the x86 microprocessor market led to numerous charges
of antitrust violations over the years, including FTC investigations in both
the late 1980s and in 1999, and civil actions such as the 1997 suit by
Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) and a patent suit by Intergraph. Intel's
market dominance (at one time it controlled over 85% of the market for
32-bit PC microprocessors), combined with Intel's own hardball legal tactics
(such as its infamous 338 patent suit versus PC manufacturers made it an
attractive target for litigation, but few of the lawsuits ever amounted to
anything. Currently, the only major competitor to Intel on the x86 processor
market is Advanced Micro Devices, although some smaller competitors such as
Transmeta produce low-consumption processors for portable equipment.
Intel currently (as of 2003) produces microprocessors, networking
components, motherboard chipsets, and more.
Financial information
Intel is publicly traded at Nasdaq. It market capitalisation is about
US$99.7 and shares are traded at US$20 (June 2003).
Intel corporation is a component of the GSTI Software Index
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Intel is also a short name for intelligence, in reference to Military
intelligence, and espionage.
This content from Wikipedia is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
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